July 2019

It is important to note that kernel programming differs significantly from userspace programming. The kernel is a standalone entity, which cannot use userspace libraries, even libc on Linux or kernel32.dll on Windows. As a result, the usual functions used in userspace (printf, malloc, free, open, read, write, memcpy, strcpy, etc.) can no longer be used.

In conclusion, kernel programming is based on a completely new and independent API that is not related to the API in the userspace, whether we refer to POSIX, Win32 or ANSI C. An important difference in kernel programming is how to access it. and memory… read more +

The GO language was created by Google to eliminate licensing issues with Java and C # (net dot) languages ​​and in order to avoid legal processes regarding the Java and Dalvik virtual machine in the Android system. More specifically, Google wanted to eliminate the dependency on proprietary systems of Oracle and Microsoft, giving developers a new toy.
Go was created by Google because they have large infrastructures that generate big problems; hence, a unique solution had to be devised. GO is what its creators called a language created for decades to come. A language that simplifies the development of the… read more +

In order to generate the desired results, a program has to handle the data in a well-specified way. The description of these actions is done using the programming language instructions.

The commands the program gives to the computer when the program is running are called instructions.

The C ++ language instructions are:
1. expression statement
2. the compound statement
3. the if statement
4. the switch statement
5. the break instruction
6. the while statement
7. the do-while statement
8. The instruction for

The C ++ language instructions are divided into two categories:

– Simple instructions
– Structure controls (structured)

Simple instructions do not contain any other instructions (expense statement assignment). The control… read more +

In the early 70’s appeared the C-language, developed by Dennis Ritchie and Brain Kernighan. The C ++ language is the creation of Bjarne Stroustrup and is an extension of the C language that allows programming on objects.

Creating a C ++ written program requires four steps:
1. editing-writing the source program by creating a file with the cpp extension;
2. compile-it returns to the internal memory the source program, checks for errors and converts this program into object program, having the scope extension;
3. link-editing – links the object program to the system libraries and turns into an executable program with the exe… read more +

CLI is an acronym for command-line interface or command line interpreter and represents a mechanism for interacting with a computer, operating system or software by introducing sequential, line-by-line commands.
This interface, which is based only on text input, contrasts with graphical user interface (GUI) interactions, which use mouse devices to select options or menus.
Entering commands via CLI: The system expects the user to enter a command line and confirm it by pressing the “Enter” key on the keyboard. The Command-Line Interpreter program receives analyzes (parses) and executes the required command. After execution, the program presents the user with the result,… read more +

A file is a dynamic structure located in the secondary memory.

The C language allows the following file operations:
– like text – such a file contains a line of lines separated by a newline (‘\ n’)
– by binary – such a file contains a sequence of bytes without any structure.
Editing a file involves associating it with an I/E channel called stream or stream.

Three predefined channels open automatically when you launch a program:
1. stin – input file, text, is the standard input – the keyboard.
2. stdout – output file, text, is standard output – monitor screen.
3. stderr – output file, text,… read more +